HomeAboutSafarisDestinationsContact Plan Safari

Home / Destinations / Ngorongoro

Ngorongoro Crater
Africa's Garden of Eden

The world's largest intact volcanic caldera — a natural amphitheatre filled with wildlife and one of the best places in Africa to see black rhino.

Over 8,000 km²Conservation area
About 260 km²Crater floor
Since 1959Conservation area
UNESCO 1979World Heritage
Safari vehicle driving down into the Ngorongoro Crater

A whole world inside a volcano.

Around two to three million years ago a giant volcano collapsed in on itself, leaving a perfect caldera roughly 260 km² across and about 600 metres deep. Today its walls shelter grasslands, a soda lake, swamps and forest — and between 25,000 and 30,000 large animals.

The crater sits within the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, a unique multiple-use area where Maasai herders graze their cattle alongside wildlife. It was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, with its cultural importance recognised in 2010.

Descending the steep road at first light, you can see lions, buffalo, elephants, hyenas and the critically endangered black rhino in a single morning. Time on the crater floor is limited each day, so we start early to make the most of it.

View across the Ngorongoro Crater floorCrater floor
600mCrater depth
260km² crater floor
2,200m+Crater rim altitude
1979UNESCO World Heritage

What you'll see.

Almost every East African species is found inside the crater — with a few surprising exceptions.

Black rhino

One of the most reliable places in Tanzania to see the critically endangered black rhino out in the open.

Lions & hyenas

Big black-maned lions and spotted hyenas patrol the grasslands, often close to the tracks.

Elephants

Old bulls with huge tusks spend their days in the Lerai fever-tree forest and the swamps.

Buffalo & wildebeest

Large herds of buffalo, wildebeest and zebra graze the open crater floor all year round.

Hippos

Hippo pools at the Ngoitokitok spring and Mandusi swamp make for great sightings — and picnic spots.

Flamingos

Lake Magadi, the crater's shallow soda lake, is often edged with pink flamingos.

Cheetahs & servals

Cheetahs hunt the open plains while servals stalk the long grass near the swamps.

No giraffes!

The steep walls and lack of tall browse mean giraffes are absent from the crater floor — look for them on the rim.

When to visit.

The crater has permanent water and resident wildlife, so game viewing is excellent all year round.

JanGood
FebGood
MarGood
AprWet season
MayWet season
JunBest
JulBest
AugBest
SepBest
OctBest
NovGood
DecGood
Jun – Oct

Dry season

Clear skies and short grass make wildlife easy to spot. Mornings on the rim are cold — bring warm layers.

Nov – Mar

Green season

Lush scenery, newborn animals and fewer vehicles. Short showers rarely spoil a game drive.

Apr – May

Long rains

The wettest months. Roads can be muddy, but the crater is quiet and beautifully green.

Things to do
in Ngorongoro.

Crater game drive

Descend at dawn for a full morning on the crater floor — rhino, lions and elephants in one spectacular setting.

Picnic by the hippo pool

Lunch beside the Ngoitokitok spring with hippos wallowing nearby (keep an eye on the black kites!).

Olduvai Gorge

Visit one of the world's most important sites for human origins, with a small museum, on the way to the Serengeti.

Empakai Crater hike

Walk down into the Empakai crater to its flamingo-fringed lake, with views of Ol Doinyo Lengai volcano.

Maasai village visit

Meet the Maasai who share this land with the wildlife and learn about their traditions and way of life.

Sunset on the rim

Stay in a lodge on the crater rim and watch the sun set over the caldera, 600 metres below.

Ngorongoro
in pictures.

A glimpse of what is waiting for you.

Sunlight breaking over the Ngorongoro Crater floor
Black rhino grazing in Ngorongoro Crater
Elephant beside safari vehicles in Ngorongoro Crater
Hippos in a pool on the Ngorongoro Crater floor
Cheetah on a fallen tree in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area
Two zebras in the Ngorongoro Crater

Getting there.

Practical tips to help you plan your visit to Ngorongoro.

By road

About 3 hours from Arusha on a good tarmac road via Karatu, passing Lake Manyara on the way.

By air

The nearest airstrips are at Lake Manyara and the Ngorongoro rim area, with flights from Arusha.

Where to stay

Lodges on the crater rim offer spectacular views, while Karatu's farm lodges and coffee estates are a short drive away.

Good to know

The rim sits at over 2,200 m and can be cold at night and early morning, even in summer. Pack a warm fleece.

Safaris that visit Ngorongoro.

View All Safaris

Frequently asked
questions.

Is the Ngorongoro Crater worth visiting? +
Absolutely. Nowhere else can you see so much wildlife — including black rhino — in such a compact and dramatic setting. It is a highlight of almost every northern Tanzania safari.
How long do you spend in the crater? +
Most visits are a half or full morning on the crater floor, as time inside is limited each day. We usually descend early for the best light and the fewest vehicles.
Can I see the Big Five in Ngorongoro? +
Lions, buffalo, elephants and black rhino are all resident. Leopards are present but rarely seen on the floor — they are easier to spot in the forest on the crater rim or in the Serengeti.
Why are there no giraffes in the crater? +
The steep crater walls are difficult for giraffes to descend, and there are few tall trees to browse on the floor. You can often see them in the wider conservation area.
What should I wear? +
Layers. Early mornings on the rim are cold, while the crater floor warms up quickly. Neutral colours, a warm jacket, sunglasses and a hat are ideal.

See the crater for yourself.

Add the Ngorongoro Crater to your safari — we will handle every detail, from crater permits to your lodge on the rim.