Day Hike On Mountain Kilimanjaro

• If you are visiting Tanzania, do not miss the beautiful Mount Kilimanjaro. It is the highest mountain on the African continent and the tallest free-standing mountain in the world. The Machame, Marangu, and Lemosho routes are built for easy mountain climbing.
• Kilimanjaro National Park is named after Mount Kilimanjaro. It is a park near Kilimanjaro where you may get shelter and prepare to climb the peak. You will pass through woods while climbing Kilimanjaro until you reach the Londorossi gate, which is at an altitude of 2100 meters. This is where the hike officially begins.
• The 3400-meter hike will get you to the Sira plateau. There is a volcanic caldera on the plateau that is 500,000 years old. You can begin ascending or pause here for lunch. The snow-covered Kilimanjaro is then clearly visible at the summit of Kibo Peak. Once you’ve reached Sira Plateau, you can choose to explore and benefit from the nearby locations.

Hot Air Balloon Safari Over Serengeti

• The Serengeti National Park is regarded as Tanzania’s wildlife epicenter. Wildlife includes Zebra, Topi, Giraffe, Waterbuck, Impala, Worthhug, Hippo, Eland, Antipoles, African leopard, Elephant, and Buffalo, among others. The creatures can be seen from the sky, flying in a balloon.
• Getting ready for the Serengeti Balloon Safaris requires you to get up at 4 a.m. The pilot will lead you through it and onto the balloon when you get there. Your balloon excursion will start at around 6.30 am, after which you will be driven to the Serengeti National Park to observe the fauna. You will be taken to the river by the skilled pilot to observe the zebras and elephants drinking water. The sight of it is breathtaking.
• You can also see the sun rising and the balloon drive takes 60-70 minutes.

Lake Manyara Treetop Walkway

• Because of its abundant wildlife and birds, Tanzania’s Lake Manyara National Park is one of the most visited parks. Seeing the lions that climb trees is one of the nicest things to do here. The purpose of the treetop airway is to see the fauna. The Manyara treetop, which is 370 meters long and 18 meters high, is one of Africa’s tallest treetops.
• Walking through the treetops provides numerous possibilities to view wildlife. The strange ropes support the treetop. You can see the animal-like Dik-dik. Elephants and giraffes are far from this location. The treetop dive can be accessed at any time between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m.

Mto Wa Mbu Village Walk

• There are 120 tribes live in this community. They respect all the members of their community.
• In Mto Wa Mbu village 18000 people live. The village is located between Manyara and Nogorongoro. Exploring the different aspect of the community gives us a different view of Tanzania, which you have never imagined.

Crater Rim Walk

• The Crater Rim is home to a variety of bird species, as well as elephants, giraffes, and the Big Five, which are frequently seen roaming around. A trip through the Crater Rim will provide you with excellent panoramic views of the surrounding areas.
• As we stroll around the Crater, we will have numerous opportunity to take photos and explore. The tour lasts two hours, after which we will return to the hotel for lunch.

Chimpanzee Habituation Adventure

• When chimps see humans, they immediately begin to jump and demonstrate their acrobatic abilities to the surrounding environment.
• Chimpanzees can be habituated in Tanzania’s Rubondo island camp. Chimpanzees were introduced into the camp between 1966 and 1969. This camp was the release site for a group of 16 chimps. They reproduced and now number 35.

The Masaai Village Visit

• The Masaai are one of the world’s most well-known tribes, noted for their distinct identity. Masaai can be found in Tanzania’s Ngorongoro highlands. The village visit is only available to travelers staying at Entamanu Nagorongoro, which offers an outstanding tented perspective of the Ngorongoro crater rim.
• The camp formed a unique cooperation with the Masaai village to provide tourists with an unforgettable experience. When you arrive in Masaai village, you will be greeted with song and dance.

A Trip To The Olduvai Gorge

• The Olduvai George is one of Tanzania’s must-see attractions. It is thought that the early ancient, or first humans, lived here. It is located between Ngorongaro and Serengeti.
• To gain a complete understanding of Olduvi George, you should visit the Olduvai museum, which opened in 2017 and has a wealth of historical information.

The whole itinerary of Tanzania destinations revolves upon travel and exploration. If you are planning to come to Tanzania, Then it will be a great adventure for you. For additional information, please visit our website.

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A Peaceful, Wetland Oasis

If you are planning a safari in Northern Kenya, stay a couple of nights at Lake Baringo for some fantastic birding and boating. This is the northernmost lake of the Great Rift Valley, just a short drive from the hot springs and flamingos of Lake Bogoria. Lake Baringo is a peaceful, wetland oasis surrounded by mountains and rocky hills. A dormant volcano, Karosi, dominates the landscape at the northern end of the lake. Even if you’re not mad about birdwatching, the passion of the ornithological guides is infectious.

Amazing Birding, the Njemps Tribe and Other Highlights
Motor Boating on Lake Baringo

The best way to explore Lake Baringo and its islands is by motorboat. Your guide will know exactly where to find specific birds and wildlife, and you’re in for a sensational tour. 130 sq km Lake Baringo has a high silt content and can appear red, yellow, coral, or purple, depending on the time of day and the sun’s location. These colourful waters are teeming with fish, especially Tilapia and African Lungfish, and you can enjoy some exceptionally good fishing.

Exceptional Birding Tours

There are 458 bird species in Lake Baringo National Park, which are best seen by motorboat and guided morning/evening walk. On your motorboat tour of the lake, your ornithologist captain will point out many water birds, including the world’s largest flying bird, the Goliath heron. The African openbill stork is amazing to see, a wading bird with a large, unique bill that only meets at the tip. A highlight is when your guide throws fish into the lake to entice magnificent African Fish Eagles, which swoop down at incredible speed to grab the fish, just ahead of the crocodiles.

Your guided walk through the bush is taken early at 7 am, or at 5 pm, when most bird species are either active or about to roost. You’ll come across lots of Owls, like the northern White-Faced Owl and the African Scops Owl. There is a stretch of bush along the road at the base of the baboon cliffs where you can spot many rare species, such as the Violet Wood Hoopoe and the male Paradise Flycatcher. If you happen to spot a bird that looks like a mini Pterodactyl, it’s a Hammerkop in flight. Occasionally, you may also see Flamingos migrating from Lake Nakuru and Lake Bogoria.

Njemps Lakeshore Villages

The villages on the lake’s shores belong to the Njemps tribe, who survive on pastoralism and fishing. You’ll see the Njemps fishing and traversing the lake in wooden boats called “gadich” made from the Ambatch (balsa) trees that grow around Lake Bogoria. Visit the Njemps villages to learn how the tribe lives, including how they create handicrafts, carve out their boats, build their dwellings, and smoke their fish. You can also join in with some wonderfully rhythmic dancing. If you visit during the dry season, you might see their cattle swimming across the lake to graze on island vegetation.

Lake Baringo’s Islands

Lake Baringo has several small islands. Ol Kokwe Island is the largest, in the centre of the lake – an extinct volcano dotted with hot springs where you’ll find Njemps villages and a wonderful tented camp. Ol Kokwe makes a great base for exploration. Lake Baringo’s other islands are much smaller, but many are great for birding. You can visit the amazing Goliath Heronry on Gibraltar Island.

Activities

Birdwatching is by far the most popular activity in Lake Baringo National Park. The best way to explore is by motorboat, captained by an ornithologist. You can also book excellent morning and evening guided walks, or a full-day trip into the bush. The Goliath Heronry on Gibraltar Island is home to the largest population of these incredible birds anywhere in East Africa, and it is a privilege to see. Other activities you’re certain to enjoy are fishing, water skiing, or windsurfing on the lake, Camel trekking, a cultural tour of a Njemps village, and a visit to Lake Baringo Reptile Park. You should also go on a boat excursion to Giraffe Island, where you can view the endangered Rothschild Giraffes, Ostrich, Warthogs, Impala, and Hyrax.

Accommodation

There are 3 comfortable lodges set on the shores of Lake Baringo. If you’re on a low budget, there is a well-equipped campsite with cottages and self-catering “bandas” for hire. You’ll find more exclusive accommodation on the lake’s islands – Island Camp is a luxury tented camp which offers complete relaxation as well as access to all the lake activities.

Best Time to Visit

Days and nights are always warm at Lake Baringo National Park, and you can visit any time of year. There are fewer birds here in the dry season.

How to Get There

Lake Baringo National Park is in the Great Rift Valley, 280km north of Nairobi. It’s a 5 to 5.5-hour drive along reasonable roads, or 45 45-minute flight. Kampi ya Samaki is the closest town to Lake Baringo.

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Amazing Hell’s Gate National Park

Hell’s Gate is one of Kenya’s smallest National Parks, but what it lacks in size is more than compensated for by its unusual features and charm. Above ground, the parks’ volcanic history is visible in the form of towering ochre-coloured cliffs, looming lava-rock towers, gorges and caves. There is still evidence of the layer of volcanic ash that covered the surface of the park when Mt. Longonot last erupted around 100 years ago. Below the surface, geothermal forces bubble and hiss, pushing hot water to the surface in the form of steam jets, geysers, hot springs and even hot waterfalls.

The geothermal activity has been harnessed by three power stations, which together provide a sizable portion of Kenya’s electricity. Although it is perhaps a little disconcerting to come upon the associated signs of industry within a national park, the geothermal power stations are very interesting to visit as part of your excursion to Hell’s Gate.

Interestingly, Hell’s Gate National Park did not get its name from the hissing and bubbling hot waters, but is named after a narrow gate-like break in the red stone cliffs. The name was coined by the explorers Fischer and Thomson in 1883, after they were defeated at that point during a battle against the resident Maasai tribesmen. Today, the park is a peaceful place to get back to Nature and have the unique opportunity of walking or cycling among the resident wildlife.

What to Do in and around Hell’s Gate National Park

• Game Drives
• Hiking
• Rock Climbing
• Cycling
• Bird watching
• Visiting the geothermal power stations
• Visits to the Maasai Cultural Centre
• Excursions to Lake Naivasha and Crescent Island Game Park

Game Drives

While your game drive here in Hell’s Gate may be a little sedate compared to some of Kenya’s Big Five national parks, it is wonderfully liberating to be able to leave your vehicle whenever you like to snap that perfect photo or stretch your legs. The best time to set off to see the game is early morning and late afternoon, but there is always something to see, whatever time of day you go. The animals are remarkably habituated to vehicles and barely take any notice of visitors, which allows you to get up close.

Hiking

Hell’s Gate is a very popular hiking destination, and its proximity to Nairobi (about 2 hours by road) makes it ideal for weekend breaks from the city. The Buffalo Circuit is a well-marked trail that starts near the main Elsa gate and rambles over the hills for about 14km before re-joining the main valley. There are excellent views and usually plenty of wildlife to see along the way.

At the southern end of the main Hell’s Gate gorge, close to the Central Tower, another walk descends into the Lower Gorge (Ol Njorowa)(Parts of this route can be quite dangerous, particularly after rain when the rocks are slippery, and we recommend you hire a guide). The approximately 2-hour walk through the gorge is amazing, and in place,s the water-eroded walls are so close together at the top that they almost block out your view of the sky! You will come across hot and cold waterfalls, hot water springs and very beautifully coloured rock striations and formations.

Rock Climbing

Rock Climbing is another popular adventure activity in Hell’s Gate National Park, and you can hire a guide and all the climbing gear you need onsite. Most people tackle Fischer’s Tower, but you can also attempt Main Wall, a very steep cliff at the entrance to the gorge.

Cycling

Cycling is probably the most rewarding way to make your way through Hell’s Gate National Park. Bicycles can be hired at the park, and cycling will allow you to get close to the very relaxed wildlife. You can get all the information you need regarding the various cycling trails, including a park map, from the visitor Information kiosk at the main Elsa gate.

Bird Watching

Birders will have a great time at Hell’s Gate! Numerous species of birds have made this picturesque park their home, including some rather unusual ones such as the Maasai Ostrich, and a good complement of raptors, including Verreaux’s Eagle, and the Lammergeyer.

Ol Karia Geothermal Power Station

Admittedly, this is a rather unusual activity for visitors to a National Park, but nonetheless it is a very interesting one. Come and see how the massive underground thermal energy has been harnessed to help provide for Kenya’s ever-increasing need for electricity.

Maasai Culture Centre

Come and get an insider’s look at the traditional lifestyle of the Maasai tribesmen who have lived in the Hell’s Gate region for hundreds of years.

Lake Naivasha

A visit to nearby Lake Naivasha will reward you with yet more excellent bird watching and a chance to take a boat trip out on the lake to see Hippos and Crocodiles. Try to visit Crescent Island to see large numbers of Pelicans and Egrets and hear the plaintive call of the African Fish Eagles who breed on the island.

What to See at Hell’s Gate National Park

The volcanic landscape is extraordinary! The most intriguing features of the park that you should not miss are the following:

• Central Tower and Fischer’s Tower – two volcanic lava plugs, over 25 m high
• Hell’s Gate gorge
• Lower (Ol Njorowa) gorge
• The Obsidian Caves – the black, glass-like rock here is the result of rapid cooling of the molten lava as it was submerged in water.

Fisher’s Tower and Central Tower

Fisher’s Tower and Central Tower were both formed around the same time by semi-molten rock which was forced to the surface through a fissure, where the rock gradually cooled and solidified. Fischer’s Tower is located close to the main Elsa Gate, and according to the local Maasai folklore, this tower represents a Maasai girl who was turned into stone for disobeying her family before her wedding.

There are picnic sites and view sites dotted around the park, some with really fabulous views of the striated cliff faces, birds nesting sites and the two volcanic towers.

Lower (Ol Njorowa) Gorge

Ol Njorowa Gorge is the most fascinating attraction in the park, but you should avoid hiking the gorge during rainy weather, as the floor is subject to flash-floods. Many visitors will recognise the amazing gorge as the setting for several movies, including The Lion King and Lara Croft.

The Wildlife

The resident wildlife includes the following animals:

• Zebra
• Giraffe
• Warthog
• Buffalo
• Several species of gazelle and antelope
• Klipspringer
• Hyrax
• Monkeys and Baboons
• Civet Cats
• Hyena
• Cheetah, Lion and Leopard – very seldom spotted.

Birds include the following:

• Maasai Ostrich
• Hoopeo
• Mottled Swifts
• Sunbirds
• Starlings
• Peregrine Falcons
• Verreaux’s Eagle
• Steppe Buzzand
• Lammergeyer (Bearded Vulture)

Where to Stay at Hell’s Gate National Park

If you enjoy camping, there are a number of quite basic campsites in the park which have running water and pit-toilets. The views are absolutely stunning and make up for the lack of facilities! For those of you who like your home comforts, there are several lodges around the shores of Lake Naivasha. Two of the most populat are the Naivasha Simba Lodge and Sopa Lodge Naivasha.

Lake Naivasha Simba Lodge is situated right on the shores of the lake and has 70 delightfully spacious en-suite rooms with a step-down seating area with TV. The lodge offers a range of activities and has an excellent Health Centre and a solar-heated swimming pool.

Lake Naivasha Sopa Resort is similarly situated right on the banks of the lake and offers visitors the chance to see the resident Giraffe, Waterbuck and mischievous Monkeys without leaving your room. This resort also has two swimming pools and a good health centre.

To read more about these two lodges and other accommodation choices nearby, just click here: Lake Naivasha Lodges

How to Get to Hell’s Gate National Park

The park is easy to reach by road from Nairobi in around 2 hours. Its location in the heart of the Kenya Rift Valley makes it very easy to include on a more extensive safari to Kenya’s Big Five hot-spot, the amazing Maasai Mara Reserve. In addition, Lake Nakuru National Park is also easily accessible.

Are you ready to enjoy a unique and breathtaking wildlife experience in the heart of the Kenya Rift Valley?

Be sure you don’t miss a moment of the fun and adventure by including Hell’s Gate National Park in your Kenya Safari itinerary. Leave it all to our experienced team – just click here to have a personalized itinerary drawn up for you: Jolita Safari – As Safe As Possible.

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People & Culture

Tanzania is a kaleidoscope of cultures: approximately more than 120 tribal groups, most of Bantu origin, live here. The most numerous groups are the Sukuma of Lake Victoria, Chaaga of Mount Kilimanjaro, Nyamwenzi of Tabora, Hehe of Iringa, and the Gogo of Dodoma.

In Zanzibar, Arab and Persian influences are strong. The blend of Arab and Bantu cultures resulted in the Swahili language, which is now widely spoken throughout eastern and central Africa. Though Swahili is the common language of Tanzania, English is widely understood, especially in urban areas.

Tanzanian cuisine, especially the traditional fare of Zanzibar, is delicious. The coast favours seafood and rice-based dishes, while mainland Tanzania offers traditional African grains and meats. The country is famous for its music, which is popular throughout eastern Africa.

How to Get There

As Tanzania tours and safaris have grown evermore popular, the nation has become a hub for international travel. Tanzania’s international air gateways are centred on Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar and Kilimanjaro (50 km from Arusha); these cities are served by major international airlines from Africa, Europe, North America, and Asia.

International ferry service connects Kenya’s Mombasa to Dar es Salaam. On Lake Tanganyika, a passenger service runs from Kigoma to Bujumbura in Burundi, Congo (DRC) and Mpulunga in Zambia. Additionally, the Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority runs a passenger train service from Dar es Salaam to Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia. Road connections to Rwanda and Mozambique are poor and are only adequate for those traveling for adventure.

Visa

Most visitors to Tanzania require an entry visa, which should be obtained, in advance, from a Tanzania Embassy or High Commission. Visas may also be issued upon arrival in Dar es Salaam, Zanzibar and Kilimanjaro international airports and at the Namanga Gate on the Kenya/Tanzania border, but this process may slow travel time.

Your passport must be valid for six months following your arrival date in Tanzania. Those traveling to Zanzibar should be aware that the islands are nominally independent, so passports and Tanzania visas are required even for a days visit. These requirements are subject to change, and should be verified prior to travel.

Accommodation

Tourism is a major industry in Tanzania, so the nation’s accommodations excel at catering to travellers’ needs and preferences. Most Tanzania tours frequent hotels with Western standards, which are common throughout the country, especially in Dar es Salaam, Moshi, Arusha and the northern game parks such as Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Tarangire and Manyara. In national parks and reserves, 5-star hotels, lodges and tent camps are popular; camping is a budget option.

Getting Around

Local flights operate daily, connecting major towns and cities around Tanzania. Flights are common on Tanzania tours, and are especially convenient when hopping the Indian Ocean to get to Zanzibar.

Rail service is available between many major towns, and bus service connects the country’s main towns. Tanzania rental cars are reliable, although chauffeured cars are often preferable to self-drive rentals. Tanzania’s towns and cities are connected via paved, all-weather roads for speedy travel between Arusha, Morogoro, Moshi, Lushoto, Tanga and Dar es Salaam. Outside these popular routes, however, road quality deteriorates, so always check with your travel agent about road quality and estimated travel times.

Travel Insurance

Before traveling to Tanzania, confirm that your health insurance covers international travel, or purchase a policy that extends to Tanzania. Additionally, buy travel insurance that includes emergency evacuation.

Climate

Tanzania’s climate is quite diverse, especially between the mainland and Zanzibar. Coastal areas, including Zanzibar, are typically hot and humid with average daily temperatures hovering around 30º C (86º F). Cooling sea breezes temper the climate, and June-September brings cooler temperatures around 25º C (77º F).

Back on the mainland, the months of October through February bring the warmest temperatures, while March-May host long rains and November welcomes short rains. In general, weather and climate vary by region. The peaks of Kilimanjaro are chilly, with lows below freezing, whereas the climate is temperate in the northern national parks. Likewise, the central plateau hosts a dry and arid climate with hot days and cool nights, while the southern and north-eastern highlands are cool and temperate.

Health

Before embarking on a Tanzania tour or safari, all travellers should verify that they are current on regular vaccinations, like measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio, and the yearly flu vaccine. We also recommend that visitors discuss additional vaccines – hepatitis A, typhoid, rabies, and hepatitis B – with their medical providers. If necessary, pack protection against STIs, including HIV-AIDS.

Malaria is a risk in much of Tanzania, so precautions should be taken to have a healthy vacation. Ask your doctor if you should take anti-malarial medications before traveling, and always wear insect repellent. Cover up with long sleeves and pants, when possible, and sleep under mosquito nets in high-risk areas.

Yellow fever vaccines are recommended for long-term stays and for travellers who will be heavily exposed to mosquitoes. Additionally, Tanzania requires all visitors (over age 1) who have travelled to countries at risk of yellow fever to provide an international certificate of vaccination against yellow fever. Exemptions are made for citizens of certain non-endemic countries, including those of Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand.

Be aware that some freshwater lakes and rivers carry the risk of schistosomiasis (bilharzia). To be safe, never paddle or swim in freshwater. Chlorinated pools at reputable hotels may be considered safe for swimming. Major hospitals and chemists (pharmacies) are located in Dar es Salaam, Arush,a and other major urban centres. If you suffer from a life-threatening condition or serious allergies, always wear a medical alert bracelet.

Money

Tanzania’s local currency is the Tanzanian Shilling (TSH). There are no legal restrictions on the import or export of foreign currency, although certain amounts must be declared. The export of Tanzanian currency is prohibited by law.

In Tanzania, plastic is not highly rated or trusted, which means credit cards are not widely accepted. When they are accepted, the exchange rate is often unfavourable. Nevertheless, it is still a good idea to carry your credit cards in case of an emergency. Note that hotels and lodges are an exception to the credit card rule: at most larger resorts, credit cards are accepted.

Travellers’ cheques may be exchanged at banks, hotel,s and Forex Bureaus throughout Tanzania. The best exchange rates are for U.S. Dollars, Euros, and British Pounds Sterling. Do not change money on the street, no matter how favourable the exchange rate may appear.

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People & Culture

Ethiopia is a historic land: its people date back at least 5,000 years, and Ethiopia is even mentioned in the Bible. Thousands of years of change and development have resulted in a diverse blend of cultural and linguistic backgrounds. Modern Ethiopia is home to more than 80 ethnic groups, each with its own customs, traditions and language. The Oromo are the largest ethnic group, and are joined by the Semites, Cushites and Nilotes.The Amhara and Tigreans are the largest language groups – the reason why Amharic is the official language of Ethiopia – and are of Semitic origin.

Religion has a major influence on Ethiopian life. Ethiopia embraced Christianity in the 4th century, long before Europe converted. Today, almost half of all Ethiopians belong to the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church, which has developed strong traditions, many of which are influenced by Judaism. The next largest religious group is Islam.

Ethiopian culture is rich and varied. One of the nation’s major points of pride is Ethiopian literature, which is heavily influenced by ancient Greek literature and Hebrew religious texts. The national dish of Ethiopia is a spicy stew called wat, which is traditionally served with injera, a type of sponge pancake. Wat may contain any number of ingredients, including chicken, lamb, beef, spicy split peas, lentils, and vegetables.

How to Get There

Several international airlines fly into Ethiopia’s major airports, from points throughout Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and the United States. Additionally, visitors already on the African continent can enter Ethiopia via rail, which connects Addis Ababa to Djibouti. An all-weather road links Kenya, from the border town of Moyale, to Addis Ababa.

Air travel is the preferred method of arrival, as rail and road are slower and may be unsafe; cars must travel in convoys as a safety precaution. Ethiopia’s road conditions are also poor; thus a two-hour flight can take three days by road. Note that travel to the regions of Tigray and Afar is discouraged, as these areas are considered unsafe.

Visa

All visitors, except those from Kenya or Djibouti, require a visa to enter Ethiopia. Additionally, note that in order to enter the country, your passport must be valid for a minimum of six months from your date of arrival. These requirements are subject to change, and should be verified prior to travel.

Accommodation

Ethiopia’s hotel industry has begun to boom, and today’s offerings range from budget inns to luxurious international chains. Generally speaking, prices are favourable for the country’s top hotels. Ethiopia tours patronize hotels that meet Western standards for service and amenities.

Getting Around

The fastest, easiest and most convenient method of travel within Ethiopia is via regional air and charter flights. Most Ethiopia tours choose to fly, as local flights connect more than 40 towns and cities at reasonable prices. History buffs will enjoy the Historic Route Service, which flies tourists to ancient sites throughout the nation.

Bus service is slow and not up to Western standards. Added to that, the road network is poor: most roads are gravel, and are passable only in dry weather. Rail service connects Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa, but delays are frequent and trains are often crowded.

In Addis Abba, taxis are a popular way to get around. Taxis are blue and white, and may provide shared rides. Minibuses also offer taxi service. Always negotiate taxi fare before the journey begins. Ethiopia rental cars are available, although driving is not recommended due to road conditions. If you plan to drive and will stay for more than a month, you must apply for an Ethiopian driving permit.

Travel Insurance

Before traveling to Ethiopia, verify that your regular health insurance covers travel to Ethiopia. If not, purchase a travel heath insurance policy. You should also purchase travel insurance that includes emergency evacuation.

Climate

Ethiopia’s varied topography experiences diverse weather. In the most general terms, the wet season (kremt) lasts from mid-June through September, and a drier climate prevails the rest of the year. There are three climate zones in Ethiopia:

Degga: This is the highest altitude climate and is cool year-round. Temperatures can dip below freezing in the winter.

Weina Degga: Situated on a large plateau, this zone enjoys a temperate climate with temperatures from 15º to 20º C (59-70ºF).

Kolla: The lowest zone, temperatures here are warm to hot year-round. The Dnakil Depression, one of the hottest places in the world, is found in here.

Health

After you book an Ethiopia tour, make an appointment with your doctor. You should be current on all regular vaccinations: measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio, and the flu shot. You should also discuss recommended vaccines, which include hepatitis A, hepatitis B, typhoid, meningitis, and rabies. Malaria prevention is recommended, and if necessary, you should take measures to protect yourself from STIs like HIV-AIDS.

Health officials also recommend getting vaccinated against yellow fever before traveling to Ethiopia. Note that if you will be traveling to a yellow fever-infected area before entering Ethiopia, you are required to show your international certificate of vaccination. Citizens of certain non-endemic countries, such as the United States, Australia, New Zealand, and some European nations, may be exempt from this requirement.

Be aware that some Ethiopian lakes and rivers are infected with schistosomiasis (bilharzia). You should not swim or paddle in freshwater, with the exception of chlorinated swimming pools at reputable hotels. If you have a medical condition or severe allergies, wear a medical alert bracelet. Major hospitals, pharmacies (chemists) and medical facilities are located in major cities and some towns.

Money

The country’s official currency is the Ethiopian Birr. Travellers cheques may be exchanged at local banks, bureaus, and some hotels; cheques in U.S. Dollars receive the best exchange rates. Foreign currency should be exchanged only at authorized banks and hotels; never change money on the street, no matter how favourable the exchange rate. Major credit cards, including Visa, MasterCard, American Express, and Diners Club, are accepted on a limited basis throughout Ethiopia, especially at hotels and other tourist establishments.

Import and export of local currency is regulated by law. You may import foreign currency, as long as you declare the amount upon arrival.

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People & Culture

Zambia is a large and relatively sparsely populated country with a total population of around 21 million. The original inhabitants of Zambia were the nomadic Khoisan hunter-gatherers, and agriculture and mining only made their appearance around the 4th century when Bantu settlers started to arrive in the country. In 1855 Dr David Livingstone became the first British explorer to visit Zambia as part of his exploration of the Zambezi River. Of course, Dr Livingstone was also the first European to famously catch a glimpse of the marvellous Victoria Falls, which he promptly named after his monarch, Queen Victoria. The town of Livingstone, now a favourite base for exploring the Victoria Falls and the mighty Zambezi River, was later named after him.

Culture, Tradition and Folklore still play a very important part in the lives of Zambians, particularly the many who still live a life of rural subsistence farming. Tribal customs and rituals still surround ceremonies to mark rites of passage like coming-of-age and marriage. Then there are several colourful annual festivals held to commemorate revered ancestors and to celebrate and give thanks for harvests and changing seasons. Most of these festivals and rituals include traditional music, dancing and drumming.

The pace is slow in Zambia, as is the case in most African countries, and there is always time for a “proper” greeting, before a conversation gets off the ground! At the very least, it is expected to greet someone with a “Good Morning/Afternoon – how are you” before requesting any service or assistance. Shaking hands is the usual way of greeting. In rural areas visitors are still something of a rarity and are often regarded with a degree of curiosity by the locals. You may be offered a gift as a sign of friendship or honour and it would be extremely rude to refuse such a gift – rather, accept it with both hands, as is the custom.

There are at least 8 official languages, including English, and as many as 70 distinct local variations or dialects. Traditional arts and crafts such as wood carving, basketry and pottery continue to be produced using locally sourced materials such as vines, roots, reeds, bamboo and natural dyes and seeds for decoration.

How to Get There

Several international airlines offer scheduled flights to Lusaka, the capital of Zambia. From South Africa you can fly in with South African Airways, Precision Air(Tanzania), Emirates or KLM. From Europe, British Airways has direct flights from London Heathrow 3 times a week, KLM links Amsterdam with Lusaka 3 times a week and with Emirates you can fly into the country 5 times a week via Dubai.

There are also flights into Lusaka from several other African countries such as Botswana, Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania and Malawi.

Visa

Everyone visiting Zambia needs to have a Passport that is valid for 6 months after the date of their visit. Nationals from most countries will need a Visa to visit Zambia; in most cases these Visa’s can be issued at the entry point into the country, right at the airport.

If you would like to get your Visa well in advance to save time at your point of entry you can visit your nearest Zambian Mission offices abroad. Since rules and regulations change from time to time it would be wise to visit the Zambia Immigration website to check current requirements.
Day-trip Visas are available at the border for visitors from Zimbabwe who want to cross into Zambia for the day to see the Victoria Falls from the Zambian side.

Accommodation

Zambia has something to offer for everyone when it comes to accommodation. Some of the most luxurious lodgings can be found in the most idyllic positions near Victoria Falls and along the banks of the Zambezi River. Here you will find your own little piece of African heaven in a secluded setting surrounded by wildlife and some of Zambia’s over 700 species of birds. You will find everything from eco-camps featuring biological chemical-free swimming pools to rustic self-catering cottages to remarkably inexpensive back-packer hostels with great facilities.

Getting Around

Zambia is an extensive country and distances can be really large. If you are visiting for a brief period the only real choice for getting from place to place is to fly. Proflight and various air charter companies offer flights to any of the many airstrips around the country and nearly all the National Parks and other Places of Interest are accessible by air.

Travel Insurance

Before leaving home check that your Health Insurance covers international travel and buy insurance if necessary. It is also advisable to purchase travel insurance that covers emergency evacuation, in the unlikely event of an accident or a serious medical emergency.

Climate

Zambia basically has a tropical climate which is tempered by altitude in many regions, making conditions very pleasant. The wettest months in Zambia are December to March – a period called the “Emerald Season”. Many camps close during these months as un-surfaced roads can become impassable. June, July and August are the driest and coolest months, but the days are clear and warm. With weather patterns all over the world changing, the shoulder seasons of April/May and September/October can be unpredictable, but are usually superb – neither too hot nor too cold!

Health

Anyone travelling to Zambia should check that they are up-to-date with all regular vaccinations: MMR (Measles-mumps-rubella), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio and your annual flu vaccine. Additionally it would be wise to consider being vaccinated against hepatitis A and B, typhoid, meningitis and rabies.
Yellow Fever is not considered a risk in Zambia, but you will require proof of Yellow Fever vaccination if you are entering Zambia from a country which has a Yellow Fever risk.
Malaria prevention is important – consult your doctor to help you decide which medicine is ideal for you. If applicable, protection against STIs, including HIV-AIDS is important.

You should carry all your own medication with you, as it may not be available in Zambia. If you have a significant allergy or medical problem you need to wear a MedicAlert bracelet.

Money

The Zambian unit of currency is the Zambian Kwacha (Kw), which is subdivided into 100 ngwee. Prices are generally quoted in Kwacha, especially in rural areas, and National Park Fees always have to be paid in cash in the local currency. Dollars, Euros and Pound Sterling can be changed at banks or bureau de change in larger towns, some of which have ATMs that accept Visa cards.

You will definitely need Kwacha if you want to purchase local crafts in rural areas, although some vendors will be happy to accept low-denomination dollar notes.

There is no restriction on the amount of currency brought into the country provided you declare it on arrival.

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People & Culture

Namibia is comprised of 11 major ethnic groups, the largest of which is the Ovambo. Other groups include the Kavango, Herero, Himba, Damara, Nama, Basters, Caprivians, and Bushmen (San), among others. Each group has its own traditions and customs. The San, or Bushmen, the country’s oldest resident tribe, are best known for their legendary storytelling, love for music, mimicry and dance. The Nama are known for their natural talent in music, poetry, and writing style. Every culture offers its own insight into and influence on Namibian life.

Each ethnic group also has its staple food. For example, the Ovambo people enjoy mielie pap, a cornmeal porridge, and mahango (millet), which they eat with fish, goat, lamb, or beef stew. The Nama prefer the spiky inara melon, while the Herero mainly eat milk products, including curds and butters. Pumpkins, peppers, and onions are also widely consumed. Game, like biltong (air-dried meat) and rauchfleisch (smoked meat), are also a Namibian specialty. The official language of Namibia is English, but knowledge of Afrikaans and other local languages will prove useful.

How to Get There

Though several flights enter Namibia from points abroad, flying in via South Africa is often the most economical option. Additionally, land travel into Namibia is possible from South Africa, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Angola. It is possible to drive or take inexpensive buses that operate on these routes.

Namibia car rentals offer a good blend of price and convenience. A chauffeured rental is recommended, as some international roads are un-tarred. An international railway network links most towns in Namibia to Windhoek, which then connects to Cape Town and Johannesburg in South Africa.

Visa

Citizens of the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, and many European nations do not require a visa to enter Namibia; passport holders from other countries, however, will need to obtain a Namibian visa. All visitors, regardless of nationality, must hold passport valid for at least six months following their date of arrival. These requirements are subject to change, and should be verified prior to travel.

Accommodation

Namibia offers a range of accommodations, from budget-friendly camps to upscale hotels and safari lodges. Generally speaking, Namibia tours patronize accommodations that meet Western standards for amenities and services. Due to limited supply and availability, travellers are advised to book all Namibia hotels well in advance.

Getting Around

Local flights and charter planes link Namibia’s major towns and cities, and are a popular choice for Namibia tours. Thrifty travellers often choose luxury rail or road, which both offer convenience at a good price.

Namibia car rentals offer self-drive and chauffeured services. Self-drive rentals are popular, as most roads are tarred. Traffic drives on the left-hand side of the road. Note that an international driver’s license is required.

Travel Insurance

Check with your local health insurance provider to determine whether your coverage extends to Namibia; if not, purchase travel health insurance. We also recommend purchasing a travel insurance policy that includes emergency evacuation.

Climate

Namibia’s climate includes arid, semi-arid and subtropical regions. In the central region, the nation’s most arid, temperatures can eclipse 40º C (104º F) during the day and then plummet below freezing at night.

Namibia has two rain seasons: short rains occur from October to December, while long rains fall between January and April (summer). Summers are hot by day and cool by night. During the winter (May-September), warm days cool to cold nights and much of Namibia is covered in frost. The Benguela cold current keeps the coast of the Namib Desert cool and free from rain for most of the year, and also creates thick fog.

Health

Before you leave for a Namibia tour, check with your doctor to verify you are up-to-date on all routine vaccinations, including measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio, and the yearly flu vaccine. You should also discuss whether you should receive additional vaccines, such as the recommended hepatitis A, hepatitis B, typhoid, and rabies. Malaria preventions, such as anti-malarial pills, should also be taken. If applicable, pack to protect yourself against STIs like HIV-AIDS.

There is no risk of yellow fever in Namibia. Please note, however, that travellers (age 1+) who have visited a yellow fever country will be asked to show their international certificate of vaccination, before they are granted entry to Namibia. Citizens of non-endemic nations, for example the United States and members of the European Union, may be exempt from this requirement.

Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) is present in some lakes and rivers, especially those in eastern Namibia, so it is considered unsafe to swim or paddle in freshwater. Chlorinated pools are generally safe. Travellers on Namibia safaris are advised to carry anti-bite serums for snakes and scorpions. Additionally, if you have serious allergies or a significant medical condition, always wear your medical alert bracelet. Major hospitals and chemists (pharmacies) are located in many towns and cities.

Money

Namibia’s official currency is the Namibian Dollar, but the South African Rand is also widely accepted. Travellers cheques may be exchanged at local banks, bureaus, and some hotels; cheques in U.S. Dollars and South African Rand receive the best exchange rates. Major credit cards, including Visa, MasterCard, American Express, and Diners Club, are widely accepted throughout Namibia, especially at hotels and other tourist establishments.

The import/export of foreign currency is not limited, but must be declared. The import/export of local currency is legally restricted to N$50,000 (Namibian Dollars).

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People & Culture

Zimbabwe has a complex and tumultuous history. As early as the 13th and 14th centuries, the land was populated by Shona descendants of the Bantu tribes, pastoralists who had migrated into the area from the north around the 10th century. We know that they were responsible for building Great Zimbabwe from the 11th to the 15th century, the most significant ancient African ruins south of Egypt, the intricacy and workmanship of which has stunned archaeologists. They had also established trade with the Phoenicians way back then!

From the 18th century there was a steady northward migration of the Ndebele (Matabele) people from South Africa, as well as aggressive colonization by Britain, and the Zimbabweans we know today are mainly descendants of these three groups, the Matabele, the Shona and the British colonists, the latter of who make up a small percentage of the current population. The official languages of Zimbabwe are English, Shona and Sindebele.

Urban Zimbabweans have largely adopted Western cultures and traditions, but in the rural areas the age-old Shona and Ndebele traditions continue. Music and art are very highly regarded and some of the world’s best stone sculptors live in Zimbabwe, producing world-class art-work that can be found in galleries and collections all over the world. These traditional Shona art forms often depict themes from folklore or animals, which are very popular with visitors.

The Matabele people are also famous for their artistic talent which is passed down from mother to daughter – the ladies do all the painting and decoration in this tribe – and their homes are a showcase of their talents. They also produce amazing beadwork and other crafts.

Music and dance feature prominently in most African tribes, and this is also the case in Zimbabwe. The mbira and marimba are the traditional musical instruments of choice and create the unique rhythms and sounds of Zimbabwe.

How to Get There

Air Zimbabwe is the only airline offering direct flights into Harare, the capital, once a week from London and once a week from Kuala Lumpur. However, it is easy to reach Harare via Lusaka(Zambia) on Emirates or Johannesburg (South Africa), from just about anywhere in the world. Most of the neighbouring African countries, such as Botswana, Namibia, Kenya, Zambia and South Africa, all have regular scheduled flights to Harare.

Visa

Anyone visiting Zimbabwe needs to have a Passport that is valid for at least 6 months after your visit, with at least 3 empty pages. Most people will need a Visa, but this can be issued on arrival. It is advisable to visit the Zimbabwe Immigration website to check if you need to apply for a Visa in advance of your visit- this is necessary for visitors from certain countries.

If you would like to pop across the border from Zambia for a day to see the Victoria Falls from the more impressive Zimbabwean side, it is possible to get a Day-Visa at the border.

Accommodation

Zimbabwe has an extensive selection of accommodation in all categories, from luxury to rustic. In the cities, you will find many good hotels, guesthouses and self-catering choices. The Lodges and Camps in the National Parks and near the Victoria Falls will spoil you with anything from superb bare-foot luxury at the Elephant Eye Eco Lodge to Colonial splendour at the classic Victoria Falls hotel. For something different, you can go on a houseboat cruise on Lake Kariba.

Getting Around

The quickest and by far the most comfortable way to get around Zimbabwe is to make use of air transfers between major tourist places of interest. (Roads are not great, and fuel shortages mean than busses and taxis can be erratic). There are flights to all the main National Parks from Victoria Falls. Please note, these transfers will be by small 4-seater planes and you will need to restrict your luggage – check with your Tour Operator.

Travel Insurance

Before leaving home check that your Health Insurance covers international travel and buy travel insurance if necessary. It is also advisable to purchase travel insurance that covers emergency evacuation, in the unlikely event of accident or a serious medical emergency.

Climate

As a general rule, Zimbabwe receives most rain from about December to March. To witness the Victoria Falls at their spectacular best, you need to come after the rains, with March to September being the best time – bring some warm clothing as the nights can be chilly! Rafting on the Zambezi only operates from July to December when water levels are lower. In March and April, land-based viewing of the Falls could be difficult due to the huge volume of spray, but it is a great time for aerial viewing as the water volume is at its most impressive. The dry winter months from June to September are usually the best time for wildlife viewing.

Health

Anyone travelling to Zimbabwe should check that they are up-to-date with all regular vaccinations: MMR(Measles-mumps-rubella), diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, varicella (chickenpox), polio and your annual flu vaccine. Additionally it would be wise to consider being vaccinated against hepatitis A and B, typhoid, meningitis and rabies.

Yellow Fever is not considered a risk in Zimbabwe, but you will require a vaccination if you are coming from a Yellow-Fever-infected country. Malaria prevention is essential – speak to your doctor to decide which medication will suit you best. If applicable, protection against STIs, including HIV-AIDS is important.

Money

Sadly, the Zimbabwean economy is still in a state of (recovering?) chaos and there is no official Zimbabwean currency at the moment. You can buy anything with US$, British Pounds or South African Rand, but do not expect to get any change in that currency! Your best bet is to bring plenty of low-denomination US$ notes. The larger cities all have plenty of ATM’s.

Most hotels and larger restaurants will accept credit cards – Visa is your best bet – but it is always advisable to check in advance.

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